4月15-16日，中國(guó)氣候變化事務(wù)特使解振華與美國(guó)總統(tǒng)氣候問(wèn)題特使約翰克里在上海舉行會(huì)談。
雙方在會(huì)談結(jié)束后發(fā)表了《中美應(yīng)對(duì)氣候危機(jī)聯(lián)合聲明》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱“聲明”)。“聲明”對(duì)于此前的《巴黎協(xié)定》確定的控溫目標(biāo)展開探討，雙方將繼續(xù)就碳減排的具體行動(dòng)做出部署。其中包括：工業(yè)和電力領(lǐng)域脫碳的政策、措施與技術(shù)，包括通過(guò)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)、儲(chǔ)能和電網(wǎng)可靠性、碳捕集利用和封存、綠色氫能;增加部署可再生能源、節(jié)能建筑、綠色低碳交通、減少煤、油、氣排放等多項(xiàng)措施。
由此可見(jiàn)，新的“聲明”發(fā)布，對(duì)于氫能、儲(chǔ)能、可再生能源發(fā)電、BIPV、新能源汽車等行業(yè)產(chǎn)生重大利好消息，至少在中美兩國(guó)之間會(huì)出臺(tái)相應(yīng)政策促進(jìn)其發(fā)展。
原文如下：
一、中美致力于相互合作并與其他國(guó)家一道解決氣候危機(jī)，按其嚴(yán)峻性、緊迫性所要求加以應(yīng)對(duì)。這既包括強(qiáng)化各自行動(dòng)，也包括在聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化框架公約和巴黎協(xié)定等多邊進(jìn)程中開展合作。雙方回顧兩國(guó)氣候變化領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力與合作，為巴黎協(xié)定的制定、通過(guò)、簽署和生效作出歷史性貢獻(xiàn)。
二、走向未來(lái)，中美兩國(guó)堅(jiān)持?jǐn)y手并與其他各方一道加強(qiáng)巴黎協(xié)定的實(shí)施。雙方回顧巴黎協(xié)定第二條的目的在于將全球平均氣溫上升控制在低于2℃之內(nèi)，并努力限制在1.5℃之內(nèi)。為此，雙方承諾繼續(xù)作出努力，包括在巴黎協(xié)定框架下21世紀(jì)20年代采取提高力度的強(qiáng)化行動(dòng)，以使上述溫升限制目標(biāo)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)，并合作識(shí)別和應(yīng)對(duì)相關(guān)挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇。
三、兩國(guó)均期待4月22/23日美國(guó)主辦的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人氣候峰會(huì)。雙方認(rèn)同峰會(huì)的目標(biāo)，即在格拉斯哥聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候公約第26次締約方大會(huì)前提高包括減緩、適應(yīng)和支持的全球氣候雄心。
四、中美將采取其他近期行動(dòng)，為解決氣候危機(jī)進(jìn)一步作出貢獻(xiàn)：
(一)兩國(guó)都計(jì)劃在格拉斯哥聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候公約第26次締約方大會(huì)之前，制定各自旨在實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和/溫室氣體凈零排放的長(zhǎng)期戰(zhàn)略。
(二)兩國(guó)計(jì)劃采取適當(dāng)行動(dòng)，盡可能擴(kuò)大國(guó)際投融資支持發(fā)展中國(guó)家從高碳化石能源向綠色、低碳和可再生能源轉(zhuǎn)型。
(三)雙方將分別執(zhí)行蒙特利爾議定書基加利修正案中所體現(xiàn)的逐步削減氫氟碳化物生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)的措施。
五、中美將在聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候公約第26次締約方大會(huì)前及其后，繼續(xù)討論21世紀(jì)20年代的具體減排行動(dòng)，旨在使與巴黎協(xié)定相符的溫升限制目標(biāo)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)。包括：
(一)工業(yè)和電力領(lǐng)域脫碳的政策、措施與技術(shù)，包括通過(guò)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)、儲(chǔ)能和電網(wǎng)可靠性、碳捕集利用和封存、綠色氫能;
(二)增加部署可再生能源;
(三)綠色和氣候韌性農(nóng)業(yè);
(四)節(jié)能建筑;
(五)綠色低碳交通;
(六)關(guān)于甲烷等非二氧化碳溫室氣體排放合作;
(七)關(guān)于國(guó)際航空和航海活動(dòng)排放合作;
(八)其他近期政策和措施，包括減少煤、油、氣排放。
六、雙方將合作推動(dòng)格拉斯哥聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候公約第26次締約方大會(huì)成功，該會(huì)議旨在完成巴黎協(xié)定實(shí)施細(xì)則(如第6條和第13條)，并大幅提高包括減緩、適應(yīng)、支持的全球氣候雄心。雙方還將合作推動(dòng)在昆明舉行的生物多樣性公約第15次締約方大會(huì)取得成功，注意到2020年后全球生物多樣性框架的重要性，包括該框架與氣候減緩和適應(yīng)的關(guān)系。
U.S.-ChinaJoint Statement Addressing the Climate Crisis
U.S.Special Presidential Envoy for Climate John Kerry and China Special Envoy forClimate Change Xie Zhenhua met in Shanghai on April 15 and 16, 2021, to discussaspects of the climate crisis. At the conclusion of the discussion, the twoSpecial Envoys released the following:
1.TheUnited States and China are committed to cooperating with each other and withother countries to tackle the climate crisis, which must be addressed with theseriousness and urgency that it demands. This includes both enhancing theirrespective actions and cooperating in multilateral processes, including theUnited Nations framework Convention on Climate Change and the Paris Agreement.Both countries recall their historic contribution to the development, adoption,signature, and entry into force of the Paris Agreement through their leadershipand collaboration.
2.Movingforward, the United States and China are firmly committed to working togetherand with other Parties to strengthen implementation of the Paris Agreement. Thetwo sides recall the Agreement’s aim in accordance with Article 2 to hold theglobal average temperature increase to well below 2 degrees C and to pursueefforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees C. In that regard, they are committed topursuing such efforts, including by taking enhanced climate actions that raiseambition in the 2020s in the context of the Paris Agreement with the aim ofkeeping the above temperature limit within reach and cooperating to identifyand address related challenges and opportunities.
3.Bothcountries look forward to the US-hosted Leaders Summit on Climate on April22/23. They share the Summit’s goal of raising global climate ambition onmitigation, adaptation, and support on the road to COP 26 in Glasgow.
4.TheUnited States and China will take other actions in the short term to furthercontribute to addressing the climate crisis:
a.Bothcountries intend to develop by COP 26 in Glasgow their respective long-termstrategies aimed at net zero GHG emissions/carbon neutrality.
b.Bothcountries intend to take appropriate actions to maximize internationalinvestment and finance in support of the transition from carbon-intensivefossil fuel based energy to green, low-carbon and renewable energy indeveloping countries.
c.Theywill each implement the phasedown of hydrofluorocarbon production andconsumption reflected in the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol.
5.TheUnited States and China will continue to discuss, both on the road to COP 26and beyond, concrete actions in the 2020s to reduce emissions aimed at keepingthe Paris Agreement-aligned temperature limit within reach, including:
a.Policies,measures, and technologies to decarbonize industry and power, including throughcircular economy, energy storage and grid reliability, CCUS, and green hydrogen;
b.Increaseddeployment of renewable energy;
c.Greenand climate resilient agriculture;
d.Energyefficient buildings;
e.Green,low-carbon transportation;
f.Cooperationon addressing emissions of methane and other non-CO2 greenhouse gases;
g.Cooperationon addressing emissions from international civil aviation and maritimeactivities; and
h.Othernear-term policies and measures, including with respect to reducing emissionsfrom coal, oil, and gas.
6.Thetwo sides will cooperate to promote a successful COP 26 in Glasgow, aiming tocomplete the implementation arrangements for the Paris Agreement (e.g., underArticle 6 and Article 13) and to significantly advance global climate ambitionon mitigation, adaptation, and support. They will further cooperate to promotea successful COP 15 of the Convention on Biological Diversity in Kunming,noting the importance of the post-2020 Global Biodiversity framework, includingits relevance to climate mitigation and adaptation.
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